Sociology and Cultural Diversity free essay sample

Cultural diversity is a reality and here to stay, it will not vanish overnight. People do things and think differently in diverse parts of the continents. In the same context, bringing up African children in foreign nations is not easy as the children face cultural shock (Nwokeafor, 2008). The parents or guardians must develop strategies that bring out mutual understanding between the children and the host culture. Surveys have indicated that people originating from diverse cultures share particular basic concepts, the difference originates with the way people view the basic concepts in different perspectives and angles; which shapes the way people behave either rationally or irrationally depending on the context (Nwokeafor, 2008). African continent engage indirect communication, which is in contrast with the Western style that engage direct communication. There are a number of merits and demerits attached to cultural diversity. Some of the benefits African children face in foreign cultures identify with: Improved morale, exposure to broader perspectives, labor resources, earlier exposure to global impact and enhanced community relationships (Nwokeafor, 2008). We will write a custom essay sample on Sociology and Cultural Diversity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some of the demerits African children face in foreign cultures identify with language barriers, civic disengagement and social tension (Nwokeafor, 2008). Avoiding cultural diversity is not the solution; people should develop mechanisms of adapting to cultural diversity. It is true that cultural diversity has its benefits and its own shares of challenges, majority of the benefits are accustomed to the developed nations as compared to the poor nations. In the same context, raising African children in foreign land calls for adaptation to the new and host culture (Nwokeafor, 2008). Changing cultural orientation takes time and commitment. The world is more and more facing cultural diversity as people live in multicultural societies.

How to showcase your cognitive aptitude in job interviews

How to showcase your cognitive aptitude in job interviews When it comes to hiring, companies are beginning to focus less on resumes and work experience alone to evaluate candidates. Instead, many employers are looking at more data-driven hiring factors, like cognitive aptitude.   Cognitive aptitude is the ability to think, process, and react nimbly to solve problems or learn new information, and it is fast becoming a key metric for many hiring managers. This shift stems from the fact that while resumes can lay out a person’s history in a role or industry, they rarely provide insight into a person’s full potential. Cognitive aptitude delivers this broad perspective, allowing companies to evaluate the long-term potential of an applicant by assessing their ability to learn quickly, adapt, and grow within a role. Some companies achieve this with cognitive aptitude assessments administered before the interview stage. These tests gauge abilities that are relevant to job performance, focusing on the main aspects of cognitive aptitu de, like creative thinking, problem solving, attention to detail and learning ability. But how can you prove that you have these skills if the company didn’t give you an aptitude test? By demonstrating these key components in your interview:Showcasing Your Intellectual CuriosityWhy it Matters: Having the desire to know more about the world around you and how things work creates ever-evolving employees, workers who are always striving to improve both themselves and the business. The intellectually curious will grow with a company and be able to think outside the box to solve any issues that arise in the workplace.How to Show it: Demonstrate a thirst for knowledge in your interview by first researching the company and the role as much as possible. Then, during the interview, ask insightful questions based on your digging.You can also mention a time when you independently learned a new skill. For anyone who doesn’t have a lot of work experience, this can be a great opport unity to bring up hobbies or extracurriculars that aren’t directly related to the job. Maybe you play a musical instrument or enjoy woodworking. Your hobbies provide insight into unique ways that you flex your creativity in everyday life, with the added bonus of making you more memorable to your interviewers.Putting Your Problem-Solving Skills on DisplayWhy it Matters: Being able to think critically and provide unique solutions drives business innovation, which is why problem solving is an invaluable resource for employers. A problem-solver, especially a proactive one, combines creativity, efficiency, and pragmatism to find the best solution for the situation at hand. A great creative thinker can identify the opportunity that lies within the dilemma.How to Show it: Advertise your talent for finding solutions by talking about a previous experience where you overcame an obstacle. Make sure to detail the problem you identified, the way that you worked to improve the situation, a nd how your fix made an impact.   Bonus points if you’re able to quantify your accomplishments in a tangible way.Highlighting Your Attention to DetailWhy it Matters: Identifying the small but vital details that might otherwise be overlooked is a game-changer. It’s a skill that employers look for across all industries because it can make the difference between success and failure of a business. A problem can’t be effectively tackled if you can’t get down to the nitty-gritty; the devil is in the details, but if you hone in on the fine points that others miss, you’ll be highly regarded as a fastidious and dependable coworker.How to Show it: Being detail-oriented coincides with many other traits hiring managers look for: focus, discipline, and work ethic. To demonstrate these traits in an interview, research the company ahead of time and ask detailed questions that show that you took the time and care to familiarize yourself with the company. Call at tention to your meticulous nature by taking care in how you present yourself during the interview. Being neatly dressed, on time, and attentive will go a long way in making a lasting impression. During the interview, make sure you engage in active listening. Make sure you understand your interviewer’s questions and respond with relevant answers.Touting Your Learning AbilityWhy it Matters: Whenever a company brings in a new employee, they invest an incredible amount of money and time in training the new hire and getting them up to speed. Hiring a fast learner means that businesses can hedge their bets when bringing a new employee into the fold, taking comfort in the knowledge that their new hire will swiftly become a productive member of the workforce. Those who learn and apply new information quickly are more able to pick up new skills than others. These are the employees who will be able to grow within a company and adapt to changes and challenges that all businesses invaria bly face.How to Show it: Demonstrating your learning ability is especially important for job seekers who are new to the workforce or entering a new career field, especially if your resume is light. Sometimes you may be interviewing for a job for which you don’t fulfill all of the job requirements. One way to convince your interviewer that you’re up to the challenge is to talk about what you consider to be learning targets for this role if you were to be hired. What skills would you be most interested in acquiring, and how would you go about learning them? Try to think of examples in your past roles or even in your extracurricular activities where you had to learn something new and were able to wield your new skill to reach a certain goal. Highlighting this ability will give your interviewer a vision of how you will fit in and grow within the company landscape, both in the short and long term.Whether you focus on showing off one of these crucial elements of cognitive ab ility or weaving them all together, doing so will demonstrate your full potential as an amazing hire, far beyond the experience listed on your resume. The best way to get your point across, however, is through preparation. Come up with examples and stories ahead of time that reflect these cognitive abilities.   It may take time and effort, but it’s a sure-fire way to impress hiring managers and get you that much closer to landing that sought-after new job.About the author:Josh  Millet is the  Founder CEO of  Criteria Corp., a pre-employment testing company  backed by a Scientific Advisory Board from Harvard and Stanford. He is also the Founder of the recently launched  JobFlare, brain games app  a  brain  games  app that connects entry-level job seekers to jobs via ZipRecruiter based on their cognitive abilities.

Population Resource Environment 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Population Resource Environment 2 - Essay Example ess effective in tropical regions rather than areas with high socioeconomic status and well-organized healthcare systems because of the continuous life cycle of the mosquitoes and poor infrastructure (Sadasivaiah, et.al., p.249-250). Eventually, though these mosquitoes developed and became resistant with the pesticide causing a decline in the effectivity of DDT (World Health Organization, p.4-5). The debate with the use of DDT started when its properties were discovered to adversely affect not only insects but also birds and humans. Because of this, further studies have been made to determine if there was a need to ban the use of DDT entirely. This paper would discuss why the use of this pesticide must be banned entirely because of its harmful and toxic effects in humans and other living things. This paper will show that it did not only adversely affect the environment during the time when DDT was sprayed but it also has long-standing effects in the environment. The most famous work that started to question the use of DDT was the book The Silent Spring. Rachel Carson, the author of the book, argued that DDT has an effect in the metabolism of birds, causing eggshell thinning and embryo death, and their reproductive system, causing decrease in their fertility (Carson, p.103-127; Sadasivaiah, p.251). Since DDT can be sprayed, its components can also be airborne causing birds to breathe it. The seeds from the plants that they eat may also have been affected by DDT because of soil erosion. Blown by the wind, DDT in the soil can travel and can be consumed by plants from other areas. Fishes have also become victims of DDT. When DDT enters the streams, the stream environment is altered because of the death of aquatic insects that serve as food for the fishes and the fishes’ reproductive and health is also affected because of living in contaminated waters (Carson, p.129-153). Studies have also established that women with breast cancer have an alarmingly high amount of

The Business Cycle & Policy Response in France Coursework

The Business Cycle & Policy Response in France - Coursework Example In 2000, France growth was close to 3%, its unemployment fell twice, and when compared to Europe it was a 1.5-percentage decline for France versus 0.7-percentage in Europe. The introduction of the single currency marked the period of strong growth. From this, we conclude that, in the last twenty years, it is evident that the periods of falling unemployment always coincided with periods of strong economic growths (French Ministry of youth affairs, 2007:4). A fall in a country's GDP relates to contraction in the economy, when the country does not show any improvement in the GDP it may result in an economy recession. Reasons may be due to inflation, or massive unemployment in the country, a rise in the GDP conforms to an expansion, stability of a country s currency, a peak relates to a continuous rise in the country’s GDP (Trading Economics.com, 2005:4). All forces of supply and demand affect business cycle. The availability of capital does boost a healthy expansion a rise in the price of assets at this point leads to inflation, the stock market then rectifies this by creating fear and contraction(About.com, 2001:1). A rise in GDP signals an expansion in the business cycle whereas a fall in the GDP signals a contraction. Reports show that the GDP of France expanded 1.6%in the second quarter of 2011. Historically France annual GDP growth was1.9% its highest observed in 1988 at 4.9%, a record low was -3.90% in march 2009. Judging the country's  state  at this point of the cycle, it will be  right  to  say  France’s economy is in  contraction.  We look at France in 2009, where its GDP shrank by 1.2% in the first quarter, however, this  was counteracted  by a 3% in the third quarter, another  fall  was recorded  1.5% in the final quarter.  The  recession  observed when we experienced two quarters of negative growth. In 2008 president, Nicholas Sarkozy gave a speech in Toulon he thought that there was the need to rethink the  entire  world’s financial system in  connection  to the economic crisis that the world faced. The president stated that what France was facing at that time was an economic recession and that it was a long-term problem. According to the latest  data  the French economy contracted, a 0.3% in the 2nd quarter in the year 2008, from the  previous  data economists concluded that the two quarters recorded negative growths. These data raised fears of a further recession in the economy.  This recession resulted in the rise in unemployment and a  struggle  in households to try to beat the recession (France 24, 2008:1). We  further  look at the  fiscal  policy and how it functions in stabilizing the  economic  fluctuation. How this is a  solution  to the recession problem?  According to Weil,  fiscal  policy involves utilising of government

Posters of the Second World War An Analysis

Posters of the Second World War An Analysis What was the impact of the posters from the Second World War?Why are they still popular? Introduction: For my dissertation I have chosen to look at the posters from the Second World War. The idea to look at these posters came from my own interest in the war, the 1940s and the propaganda posters. I wanted to look further into them; why they were created, and what for?, did the posters do anything to help people during the war? And how/ why they still remain so popular today? After researching the era, researching the posters and visiting various places I decided I wanted to look at how people acted upon these posters and how they all helped with the war effort. Life changed massively from the moment it was announced Britain was at war Everything was rationed from food to petrol, gas masks were issued, children had the option to be evacuated, men were going to war and women were working. Even though there was so much going on and your normal day to day life could change at any moment the government wanted to try and get people to work and live as normally as they possibly could. The government was issuing hundreds of posters; urging people to work for victory, reminding you to wear your gas masks, talk less, turn off the lights, walk to work, plant vegetable, health posters and so many more. I wanted to look into these posters and how they helped people throughout the war and if they did help at all. There was so many posters produced, some of the posters I wanted to look at are: Keep Calm and Carry on, Dig for Victory, Make do and mend, Dont do it, mother leave the children where they are and a few more. One of the many things of the war I have always found interesting and is something I wanted to look at within this dissertation is family life Evacuation and the make do and mend. Evacuation of the war was one of the greatest movement and decisions made by the government during the war over 3,500,000 children were taken away from their homes to avoid the bombings and move out to the country and smaller areas less likely to be attacked. The first big attack on London lasted up to 76 days and nights, thousands were killed, injured and made homeless: The homeless resulted to camping nearby and thousands of people slept on the platforms of the underground stations each night. The main places were evacuation was taking place were on large cities such as London, Manchester, Liverpool, Portsmouth, Southampton, Bristol and Glasgow. Even though evacuation was an optional thing to do the government tried to push it as much as possible so children were safe and out of the way. After a while n othing was happening and parents felt that their children had been sent away for no reason, the government produced hundred more posters to try and explain that this wasnt the case. I wanted to look more into these posters to find out when these posters started to go out to the public, what the reaction was and if they did work like they hoped. Chapter One: The Second World War Why were these posters produced? Did they do anything? Chapter Two: Keep Calm and Carry On Why has this poster become so iconic? Chapter Three: Imitations and Popularity Why are these posters still so popular? How have they been reused? Chapter One:The Second World War Why were the posters produced? Did they do anything? Before the war officially broke out the government tried everything to prepare Britain for what was to come. Posters were one of the main ways to get the message across to the general public, which means these posters would have been seen everywhere. So many posters were produced during the second world war informing the general public on everything; Appeals and instructions, Immunization against Diphtheria, preventing the spread of a common cold, women covering their hair in factories, Dig for Victory and so many more. The earliest poster produced by the Ministry of Information was your courage, Your Cheerfulness, Your resolution will bring us victory which was one of three in a series of posters produced in 1939. Evacuation:Evacuation began on 1st September 1939 inn major cities such as London, Manchester, Belfast and Liverpool. The government wanted the children out of the way before the attacks started, it was expected that the war would open with a massive aerial attack on British cities. The government designed came up with the idea to protect people in Britain but particularly children by moving them to areas thought to be less at risk. School children (827,000) and their teachers, Mothers with children under 5 (524,000), Pregnant women (12,000) were evacuated. There were many posters produced by the government for the idea of evacuation; Mothers send them out of London -even though evacuation was voluntary the government tried to urge women to register their children for evacuation to protect them from what was to come and they would be safer from the bombs in the country. Evacuees returned home January 1940; The period known as the Phoney War, no real danger was happening and a lot of people felt cheated that they had sent their children away for no visible reason. Efforts were made to persuade parents that it was their patriotic duty to send their children back to the country. With children returning home the Ministry of Health produced more posters warning mothers not to be tempted by Hitler and the non- events that have happened; DONT do it mother LEAVE THE CHILDREN WHERE THEY ARE. Many of the posters produced at this time for evacuation were talking to the mothers trying to persuade them to leave the children where they are where they are the safest. This particular poster is one of the most recognised; it portrays a mother and her two children with a ghostly figure of Hitler saying take them back! Take them back! Take them back!. The design of the poster is very simple with a hand drawn black and white image with the text being the main focus h ighlighted in red. The one downside to the evacuation at first was not everyone was keen to take the children in but for some they did go and live with family or family friends. It might be you! Caring for evacuees is a national service These posters were produced to remind people of their duty to help with the war efforts by taking in the homeless from the cities. Dig for VictoryRationing began 8th January 1940 just months after the Second World War broke out. The Dig for Victory campaign was set up during the Second World War by the Ministry of Agriculture; the idea was to encourage men and women to grow their own food to help with the war effort. Many open spaces were turned into allotments; a garden, public parks even the lawn outside the tower of London was turned into a vegetable patch. Before rationing and the Dig for Victory campaign was introduced Britain was reliant on the cheap imports of food from overseas; main suppliers were from Canada and America. Everyone had to help with the effort: Men, women and children everyone could do their bit whether it was looking after an allotment or growing vegetables in the garden or window box. The Dig for Victory campaign seemed to be successful with getting the help with the war effort message across. It became a part of childrens everyday school routine all children helped digging by going to the parks in the afternoon to dig up carrots, cabbages and potatoes. By 1943 there were over 1.4million allotments producing over a million tons of vegetables that year. Two very iconic posters are Your own vegetables all the year round if you dig for victory now and Dig for Victory they both have two very different designs with the same messages. Out of the both of these posters the most iconic and recognisable is the poster of the young boy with his back to you while his walks off to contribute to the war effort. This has such a basic design and colour pallet but with a clear Dig for Victory message. The other however is similar to the evacuation poster, the main focus of the poster is not meant to be the imagery but it is the text. This has been highlighted in yellow and black along with a large font to grab your attention. There were many posters produced for the Dig for Victory campaign and others by the Ministry of Health. The Ministry created cartoon characters such as Potato Pete and Doctor Carrot, the idea was to show how good these vegetables were for you. Slogans read: Im a protective food- says Potato Pete, Call me often and youll keep well Doctor Carrot. These adverts/ posters proved successful and were popular amongst children as they both had songs to go alongside them as well as recipe books for the parents. Dig for Victory, grow your own vegetables now, your own vegetables all the year roundif you DIG FOR VICTORY NOW! a lot of posters produced showed more women working than they did men at this time; As a lot of the men went to war it was the womens job to fill in and do the jobs the men had left behind. Rather than showing young women in elegant dresses, magazines and posters showed happy young women with pitch forks helping the war effort. Without these posters persuading and showing the women doing mens jobs (factory, farming, Mechanics) the jobs for women wouldnt have progressed like they have done and they would still be expected to be housewives. The Dig for Victory campaign proved to be one of the most successful from the Second World War. The idea of growing your own food didnt just stop straight after the war had ended, it continued for many years after and people are still doing it now. Both of these posters proved to be a huge success during the Second World War, the general public acted upon them and chose to do the right thing to help with the war effort. The posters changed the way the UK lived and worked for many years after and they still have an effect on what we do today. Chapter Two: Keep Calm and Carry On -Why has this poster become so iconic? The message Keep Calm and Carry on nowadays has been completely taken out of context and is seen everywhere; posters advertising events (pub quiz), used online (Memes Keep calm and go to Hogwarts), Companies are using the slogan and has appeared on Homeware and so much more. But why do people still love this message?The poster was originally produced by the Ministry of Information in 1939 after the outbreak of the Second World War. The Ministry of Information designed three morale boosting posters which were to be displayed across Britain. They read; Your Courage, Your Cheerfulness, Your Resolution will Bring us Victory, Freedom is in Peril, Defend it with all your might and Keep Calm and Carry On. Two out of the three posters were seen on public transport, in shop windows, on notice boards and many other places across Britain. The Ministry of Information produced hundreds of posters during the war to spread important messages. During the war the main way of reaching people was thro ugh billboards, public transport and in papers during the 1940s people werent trying to compete with television, internet and social media. The Keep Calm and Carry on poster was rediscovered in 2000 at Barter Books in Alnwick, Northumberland. The owner of the shop found the poster folded up at the bottom of a box of books. After the poster was found it was framed and hung in the shop It attracted so much interest that the owners began to produce and sell copies. Later this turned into more products and then soon after other people copied the keep calm and products with this slogan were seen everywhere. The plan for the Keep Calm poster was to only issue it on the invasion of Germany This didnt happen which meant the poster was never officially seen by the public. Over two-and-a-half-million copies were printed to be distributed across Britain. The Keep Calm poster is one of the many few during the war that wasnt telling people to go out and fight, dig for victory, made do and mend as well as careless talk. This particular poster was just a simple message telling people to remain calm during the situation and not to panic. The poster is now seen not only as a distillation of a crucial moment in Britishness, but also as an inspiring message from the past to the presentin a time of crisis Susannah Walker-Design Historian I agree with the previous statement, people admire many posters from the second world war for many reasons; some of the posters are still relatable, bring back memories and have stories to tell. However Keep Calm and Carry On it is one of the most well-known posters from the war which was never used. People nowadays still like this poster as it is a nostalgic memory from the war but when the series of posters were released people didnt like them; the people who saw the posters said they were patronising and divisive. The entire campaign produced by the Ministry of Information was completely scrapped just after four weeks. The posters they had printed were stored away and kept until April 1940, The majority of the posters were pulped as part of the governments idea to recycle paper so only a few copies survived. With its rising popularity over the years it has become one of the iconic images of the 21st century, not just from the original design but from everything that has come from this one image. The popularity of the poster spreads further than just Britain; it has been spotted in seaside town gift shops in America. When it reaches places like this the poster ends up losing its Britishness and becomes a very stereotypical thing about the country. Why is it hated? People like the original postern for how British it is as well as it having a sense of nostalgia and memories of the war as well as the message behind the poster; it is also hated by what has become of it and how it is constantly adapted online. Online was the first place where the poster began to go away from the original message; Keep Calm and Call Batman, Keep Calm and Hakuna Matata, Keep Calm and Eat a cupcake and so many more. Soon after the adapted versions were seen on mugs, notebooks, being used to advertise products People wanted to see the end of the poster after this. But why do we as a country still love and cling onto this poster?Realistically with the Keep calm and carry on poster people want to hate it (some do) and wish it would die of death like many other trends over the years, many people however secretly do like it.In the UK we are drawn instantly to anything baring the flag, Royal Family, Tea and all the normal stereotypical British things. It is the same with this poster; people are drawn to the Britishness of it and the calming yet nostalgic message. It is one of the many posters from the Second World War that at times can still relate to any issue going on in our country. It still spreads the same message to us now as it should have done then. Comparing the current government to the government then it would be difficult for them now to come up with a poster that has the same appeal to it powerful and simplicity might not be enough these days. Posters produced by the government now attempt to convince the public of a danger and get them to modify their behaviour; Keep Calm and Carry On tells you to think another way and continue acting as you have always acted. There would be attempts to create new and improved posters or even try and develop ones that already exist. If anything were ever happen to the United Kingdom like it did during the war, people would go back and dig out the old posters. They worked before, they will work again. Chapter Three:Imitations and Popularity Why are these posters still so popular? How have they been re-used? Many of the posters from the Second World War are always being imitated; if its to advertise new products of to promote a local event. These posters are always coming back around just designed in a different way; one of the easiest posters to re-produce is Keep Calm and Carry On. Keep Calm and Carry OnIn 2012 McFly promoted their tour called The Keep Calm and Play Louder tour the design of the poster was kept the same with the red background and the grown of King George but with the bands logo added to the image. Another company to use the Keep Calm was Nectar in 2010 to promote the loyalty card; Keep Calm and Carry One. The campaign was featured in over nine newspapers including; The Sun, Daily Mirror, Metro, The Times and The Telegraph. The design of the poster was kept similar to the original with the layout and text The background was the Nectar purple and in place of the crown was the nectar card. In 2012, Shepheard Neame released limited edition bottles; Keep Calm and Celebrate. The idea behind the bottle was to evoke on the country-wide pride during the summer of national celebration; London Olympics, Diamond Jubilee and Euro 2012 as well as to commemorate the Battle of Britain The bottles were only issued at large events. The design of the Keep Cal m was kept simple background changed to navy and in place of the crown was a spitfire. Ministry of FoodIt isnt just the posters that are always being imitated and reproduced, its even sayings and old campaigns. Back in 2008, Jamie Oliver released a book and TV series called Ministry of Food This has been taken from the food rationing system from the war.What was the Ministry of Food during world war two?During the Second World War the Ministry of food was more known as Minister of food and Minister of food control. The main task for the Minister of Food during the war was to oversee the rationing in the UK; originally the idea of rationing began as an experiment and for the ministry it worked surprisingly well. Rationing officially began in early January 1940 and was a major success of the Second World War. With the food supplies cut short because of Germanys actions and the needs of the services, rationing was an essential and by 1942 most foods were rationed. One issue the Minister of food had with the rationing was children they wanted to make sure that Britain wa s providing 650,000 children with free school meals and to guarantee them an adequate nutrition (for everyone not just the children). The minister of food released recipes to help people through the war to create simple and easy meals with the little food they had. Jamie Oliver TV program and book idea was an aim to try and recreate the success of the ministry of food and try and encourage healthy eating. From this program he set up four Ministry of food centres which were all offering the food he had been producing on the show. The title of the show is a play on the Ministry of food and Minister of food. Make do and mend Make do and mend isnt a poster that people are taking off but it is still something a lot of people do still follow. You could argue that we now live in a throw-away society when our clothes get stained or the seams of trousers show any wear we simply dispose of the item or rebuy them as clothing has become cheaper. There are however a lot of younger people who prefer to upcycle clothes or even make their own from rummaging through a charity shop. The Make do and mend campaign started when clothes rationing was introduced during the Second World War. The Ministry of information produced a pamphlet encouraging people to do whatever they could to extend the life of their clothes (a leaflet which is still reproduced and sold in some museum gift shops). The campaign played an important part in the daily life during world war two. The shortage of clothes was down to sinking ships coming into England as well as the clothing manufacturers were commissioned to manufacture uniforms as a priority. As clothing was now a shortage, in 1941 clothes rationing was introduced: people were given 66 coupons a year (which was later reduced) a womans blouse was 12 coupons, 11 coupons for a dress, 2 for socks/stockings, 8 for a mens shirt or trousers, 5 for womens shoes and 7 for men and extra coupons were given to children. As everything was being rationed clothes had to last a lot longer so people began to make new clothes from the old and from a ny other household linen. Nothing was thrown away, especially if it could be made into something else. A pamphlet was part of the campaign and was intended to provide housewives with useful tips and ideas on how to reuse old clothing. Readers were advised to create: decorative patches to cover holes on warn garments, unpick old jumpers to re-knit alternatives and turn mens clothing into womens. One of the hardest things for parents with the clothing ration was struggling to clothe their growing children Clothing Exchanges were set up by the womens voluntary service to help meet these parents needs. Parents could take clothes their children had outgrown and swap it for new clothes. Like I mentioned previously a lot of people do enjoy Sewing, knitting, crochet and making their own clothes and it is still a popular thing to do. I think that the make do a mend campaign is still applies now and people do still follow the ideas and information inside the pamphlet like people did then. Within this dissertation the one poster I wanted to look at more so than the others was Keep Calm and Carry On. It is the most overused poster from the 1940s and has slowly become one people cant stand. The meaning behind the poster has been lost and taken out of context, from the way it is used online through memes to the way companies are using it to advertise products. I have discovered that a lot of the hate towards the poster has come from online and how it became adapted and stepped away from the original message; Keep calm and go to Hogwarts, Keep calm and call the doctor, Keep calm and let it go and so many more. The adapted versions are seen everywhere. In conclusion to this I have found out that the posters from the Second World War will always have a strong impact on Britain There was throughout the war and they have had a similar impact for many years after. These posters will always remain popular; we are drawn to them regardless if it is the original posters or somethi ng that has been created from the original. Posters such as Dig for victory is still a poster that is followed today with people still growing their own vegetables, Make do and mend is another poster which is still followed with people still making their own garments from scraps and new fabrics. Bibliography: Waller, Maureen (2012) A family in wartime: How the Second World War shaped the live of a generation: ConwayPages: 10,16,20,47,72,121,125 Williams, Brenda (2006) The World at War World War II: The Homefront: Oxford Ross, Stewart (2007) At home in World War Two: Evacuation : Evans Brothers ltd First News and The Silverline (2016) Voices from the Second World War: Witnesses share their stories with the children of today: London Walker Books and Subsidiaries The Story of Keep Calm and Carry on (Uploaded: Barter Books 28th February 2012)https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FrHkKXFRbCI Dig for Victory (Uploaded: 20th March 2009) Imperial War Museum Collectionshttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_Gs7Vik75k Poison gas and gas masks : Join me in the 1900 [online] www.1900s.org.uk/1940s-gas.htm Evacuation in World War Two (2013) [online] www.primaryhomeworkhelp.co.uk/war/evacuation1.html The Evacuated Children of the Second World War : Imperial War Museum [online]www.IWM.org.uk/history/the-evacuated-children-of-the-second-world-war Evacuation How it affected ordinary lives : Home sweet Home front (July 2011) [online]www.homesweethomefront.co.uk/web_pages/hshf_evacuees_pg.htm Dig for Victory: Home sweet Home front (July 2011) [online]www.homesweethomefront.co.uk/web_pages/hshf_dig_for_victory_pg.htm How Dig for Victory campaign helped win the war The Telegraph (April 2013) [online]www.telegraph.co.uk/news/earth/environment/9996180/how-dig-for-victory-campaign-helped-win-the-war.html How to Dig for Victory : The Big World [online] www.thebigworld.co.uk/howtodigforvictory.htm#.V87xNgrLiu Keep Calm and Carry On [online] http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/keep_calm_and_carry_on Keep Calm and Carry on the sinister message behind the slogan that seduced the nationThe Guardian (January 2016) [online]https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/jan/08/keep-calm-and-carry-on-posters-austerity-abiquity-sinister-implications Keep Calm and Carry On (2011) [online] www.knowyourmeme.com/memes/keep-calm-and-carry-on I am the keep calm and carry on man The Independent (April 2009) [online]www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/first-person-I-am-the-keep-calm-and-carry-on-man Keep calm and carry on -History [online] www.keepcalmandcarryon.com/history/ How long can the Keep calm trend carry on? The Independent (May 2015) [online]www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/how-long-can-the-keep-calm-trend-carry-on-8627557.html The Greatest motivational poster ever? BBC News (February 2009) [online] news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/magazine/7869458.stm Nectar ad plays on wartime poster for new era of post-budget austerity -The Guardian (June 2010) [online] http://www.theguardian.com/media/2010/Jun/22-nectar-loyalty-card-advert-keep-calm Make do and mend Victory living (2010) [online] www.victoryliving.co.uk/make-do-and-mend Make do and mend -1943 -British Library [online] www.bl.uk/learning/timeline/item106365.html 8 facts about clothes rationing in Britain during the Second World War -Imperial War Museum [online] www.iwm.org.uk/history/8-facts-about-clothes-rationing-in-britain-during-the-second-world-war Minister of food Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/minister_of_food_(united_kingdom) Shepherd Neame produces limited edition spitfire bottle for 2012 events Big Hospitality (march 2012) [online]www.bighospitality.co.uk/new_products/shepherd_neame_produces_limited_edition_spitfire_bottle_for_2012_events

Jurassic Park :: essays research papers

Jurassic Park From the story many questions arise about the condition of the future. With the introduction of biotechnology, what we all want to know is, will this technology be used for the good of mankind? Will it be used to create faster and easier methods of working? Will it be used to create bio-technological replicas of humans that will be able to do our work for us or will the technology be used too misguidingly and lead to the downfall of humanity? All the questions and more are what plague the minds of scientists when trying to perfect this technology. As we approach the 21st century we need to keep in mind that the condition of the world can only benefit from this technology if used properly. If we corrupt this new science field, and try to play God and create super humans we will be disturbing nature and this will bring about humanities down fall. If this technology is used to replace all human work, we as a people will forget the manual way to work. If we totally rely on computers in t he future we will be making mankind obsolete.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the story, the mathematician Malcolm is the philosophical voice that questions the durability of the park and the accountability of the science used to re-create the dinosaurs. He challenges the ideas of Dr.Wu and end up being right in the end about the animals. He also states that society will turn into an information society and thought will be banished. By this he is saying that if the world of technology continues on the path it is on now, the future will be run and determined by technology. Humans will leave everything to machines and we will have an era where humans, as I stated above will become obsolete. All humans will fall into a lazy phase and we will be in a mechanical era.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the early chapters of the book, Malcolm states that the whole Jurassic Park idea will not work because of the Chaos Theory. The Chaos Theory states that first complex systems like weather have an underlying order and second the reverse of that the simple systems can produce complex behavior. I do agree with this theory, especially the second part because simple systems can be predictable to a point, but the slightest change in the system can throw off all predictions by a wide margin.

Psychology-Carl Jung Essay

Chapter 1 is titled: Dream-Analysis in Its Practical Application. The use of dream-analysis according to Jung in psychotherapy is still a debated topic/question. Some practitioners find using dream-analysis to be necessary in treating neuroses while others find that it is simply part of the psyche. If dream-analysis is to be treated then recognizing the unconscious is a must. It is a method for discovering the unconscious psychic contents that are related to neuroses. Jung says that the analysis and interpretation of dreams can be justified scientifically due to the fact that the unconscious plays a part in neurosis and because dreams are expressing directly from the unconscious activity. Dreams give a correct picture of the subjective state although the conscious mind denies this exists. According to Jung, dreams are to be on the same level as physiology. He gave the example that if sugar is seen in urine, then urine contains sugar. He used that because he believes dreams are facts which are valuable for diagnosis. It allows an insight for the cause of neuroses as well as a prognosis. It can show at what point the treatment should begin. Jung states that the Freudian view believes it necessary for the patient to be conscious of his/her disturbances (surviving the trauma). Jung doesn’t deny that some neuroses have a traumatic origin but he does not believe that all neuroses are of this origin. In order for the dream or neurosis to have true significance, a causalistic approach only will not suffice. Shortly after the beginning of treatment, dreams seem to become less transparent. There can start to become a difficulty in interpretation due to the doctor being unable to understand the whole situation. Jung states that unintelligible dreams are a result of the doctor’s subjective opinion being reflected. It is essential for the analyst to admit a lack of understanding when it occurs in therapy. By stretching the truth, the analyst appeals to the patient’s brain, however, helping him/her grow into their truth reaches the heart. There are secrets of the inner life that dreams give information about as well letting the dreamer know some things about their personality. Chapter 3 is titled: The Aims of Psychotherapy. The formation of neurosis and basic principles of therapy are not agreed upon by psychochologists/psychoanalysists. According to Jung, many people find that explaining their troubles give them an urge to power that comes from a sense of inferiority. The psychotherapist’s successes teach him little or nothing. His/her failures are priceless in that they force him/her to change their views and/or methods. Jung states that it makes no sense to teach from the Freudian viewpoint to a patient to whom the Adlerian theory applies. The doctor is not really in a better position than the patient’s psyche to know what is wanted, although it unconscious to the patient. When it comes to psychic constitution, some people have a spiritual attitude and some a materialistic one. These attitudes show ingrained passions. Jung lets his experience be the decision making tool in terms of therapy. Great choices of life have more to do with instincts than conscious will. Jung’s contribution to psychotherapy for those cases where rational treatment produces no satisfactory results, are confined. Roughly 1/3 of his patients are not suffering from clinical neurosis but from the emptiness of their lives. By meditating on a dream thoroughly, something always comes out of it. It is an important hint that shows the patient the unconscious leading him/her. Jung says there is difficulty when dreams do not show anything tangible. Those dreams give clues of possibilities and never can be made plausible to an outsider. Dreams that contain mythological images can be strange and baffling. For Jung, primitive psychology, mythology, comparative religion, and archaeology is important as they provide analogies that enriches the lives of his patients. Jung says that creative fantasy is the origin for all works of man. This activity of imagination frees man from the â€Å"nothing but† to a spirit of play. Jung’s aim is to create a psychic state where the patient can begin to experiment with their own nature. â€Å"The least of things with a meaning is worth more in life than the greatest of things without it† (Carl Jung). Chapter 5 is titled: The Stages of Life. The problems associated with stages of human development means to unfold a picture of psychic life from cradle to grave. According to Jung, our psychic processes are made up of reflections, experiments, and doubts. They are all foreign to the unconscious mind of man. The existence of problems comes from the growth of consciousness. When man turns away from instinct it creates consciousness. Problems draw an isolated state where nature abandons and consciousness is driven. Even in that, a wider and higher consciousness gives us certainty and clarity. In dealing with problems, we instinctively refuse the way that leads through darkness yet want gratifying results. Knowing is based on a conscious connection with psychic contents. Jung talks about how it seems that young people who struggle with their existence are spared inner problems and those whom adapt easily run into sex problems or conflicts arising from a sense of inferiority. Those who try and protect themselves against the new or strange, regress back to the past and falls in the same neurotic state as the one who can identify the new but runs from the past. Whatever the past gives to us is normally adapted to future possibilities and demands. The design and meaning of a problem does not lie in the solution but in the constant working at it. Statistics show that there is a rise in mental depression cases for men around 40. For women, neurotic difficulties show up earlier. According to Jung, a human being could not live to 70 or 80 if the longevity had no meaning for the species. Jung states that we do not know what happens to a person after they are dead. There are no scientific proofs about it. From the psychotherapy view, it is more desirable to think of death as a transition-a part of the life process whose time and extent escapes our knowledge. The working of the intellect is an understanding that thinking is an equation that nothing comes out of but what we put in. Chapter 6 is titled: Freud and Jung-Contrasts. Widely accepted ideas are not the personal property of their author. Contrary, the author is the servant of his ideas. We do not create ideas, they create us. True expression helps us achieve the best. It consists in giving form to what we observe. Jung states that Freud’s theory regarding sexuality, infantile pleasure and the conflict they have with reality is the truest expression of his psychic makeup. Jung points out that he is not an opponent of Freud. He says our perception is conditioned by what we are. Since we are all different, we see and express things differently. Jung looks at man in ways of health and soundness trying to free the sick from Freud’s point of view. Jung states that Freud’s teaching is one-sided generalizing facts only from neurotic states of mind. According to Jung, Freud made a mistake going against philosophy. Jung has never refused philosophical criticism. He knows that every word he speaks, carries something of himself. He doesn’t doubt that natural instincts are forces of propulsion in human life despite if they are called sexuality or the will to power. Yet, he doesn’t doubt also that these instincts collide with the spirit. Jung attributes a positive value to religion and biology. Freud attributed sexuality as the only driving psychic power. Jung says that only after he split from Freud did Freud begin to acknowledge equal status for to other psychic activities. Although Freud says Jung denies the importance of sexuality in psychic life, Jung claims otherwise. Jung says he tries to set limits to the terminology of sex and merely put it in its place. What Freud describes is that sexual obsession that comes out when a patient has reached the point where him/her needs to be led out of a wrong situation or attitude. Theology cannot help those who are looking for an answer because it demands faith and faith cannot be made. Jung states that we are faced with a need for rediscovering the life of the spirit. According to Jung the contrasts go back to their differences in their basic assumptions. Chapter 10 is titled: The Spiritual Problem of Modern Man. This spiritual problem is a question that belongs to the present but yet we cannot judge fully. It has to do with something universal. To be whole of the present means to be completely conscious of one’s existence and requires intensive and extensive consciousness. Moving forward is act of tearing loose all that embraces unconsciousness which claims the bulk of man. It is a painful fact that every good side has a bad one. According to Jung, modern man has suffered a fatal shock and as a result has fell into profound uncertainty. Jung says that a spiritual need has surfaced. He says there has never been a time where the psyche did not manifest itself but it didn’t attract so much attention until now. The psychic life has always expressed in a metaphysical system. Jung says he used to believe it was his duty to call people to order but not admits the need in calling himself to order. He says that science has destroyed the refuge of the inner life-it once was a haven and now a place of terror. A compensation in the unconscious arises when a piece of the conscious life loses value. The noisome and secrets of the inner life, to the modern man, are valuable because they serve his/her purpose. Psychological insight seems to trespass personal life and therefore, it meets with personal resistance and denial. Jung emphasizes that the unconscious has an attraction for healthy minds and not just the sick. Jung says we are only at the beginning of a new spiritual awareness. Need and distress breed new forms of life. A new self-awareness comes from the attractive power of the psyche. There is a psychic life in the end that embraces us all. Modern Man In Search Of A Soul actually chose me instead of me choosing it. I was looking through the psychoanalysts and psychologists that were studied in class. None really sparked an interest in me like Carl Jung. The funny thing is we have all heard of Freud and he is probably one of the more popular choices for such an assignment. However, I wanted someone who contributed just as well to the field of psychology but wasn’t really in the lime light. I had to research all of Jung’s theories to make sure I was comfortable with choosing him. I found a sort of connection with Jung. I was about to buy one book when my eyes happened to glance downward and saw this one. How more spiritual than that? I wanted something to be able to relate to and believe in. Low and behold, this book showed up. There are a total of 11 chapters in this book. Surprisingly, it was not hard to choose the ones that were of interest to me. The first chapter talked about dream analysis. I believe, like Jung, that dreams do tell a lot about and to the dreamer. Some examples he gave in the book were amazing. I wonder at times if people who write books about their work exaggerate on what really took place. For whatever reason, I believe Jung wholeheartedly. Dreams can show what steps to take next as well as what steps not to take. Most of us forget the dreams we have yet there are some dreams that stick with us forever. I believe this happens because it kept in the subconscious mind. We make ourselves aware of the dream as it has significance in our present life. I can see how it can be difficult for the doctor not to judge or impress his/her beliefs on the patient/client. The chapter about the stages of life was interesting. I see myself and I also see my mother in the stages that were presented. Jung states that what keeps one from being ultimately happy is the refusal to be open to new experiences. When we transition from childhood to adolescence, nature sort of abandons us to the conscious world. He used the biblical analogy of the fall of man to the beginning awareness of consciousness as a curse. The chapter regarding the contrasts between Freud and Jung speaks for itself. They both contributed significantly to the field of psychology. Most theorists have their foundation in Freud’s theories. Many began to break away from him and form their own theories, which to me is just like the transition from adolescence to adulthood. As an adolescence we are under the wings of our parents and thus for most of us we believe what our parents have taught us. Once we transition to adulthood, we have a better understanding of life and will experience things that will and can make our view different from our parents in some areas. The last chapter I summarized about was the spiritual problems of modern man. I believe the mind does have a spiritual connection. Like Jung I don’t see how one cannot see that there is a link between the psyche and spirit. I agree with Jung when he talks about life after death. How can we know what really happens if no one dies and then comes back to tell us what happens. There is no definite answer. This book report has proven to be very insightful. It has broaden my horizon and made me think. The good thing is, it makes more than ever ready to study more.